Components of Food

FOOD comes in a variety of shapes sizes and colours and has many different tastes and textures. Most foods are made up of a combination of nutrients.
A basic understanding of the different nutrients that are contained in the food we enjoy eating is important.

The main nutrients in food are:

Carbohydrates: Carbohydrates are the most important source of energy for the body. Out of all the nutrients only carbohydrates directly affect blood sugar levels. The amount and type of carbohydrate eaten are both very important. Examples of carbohydrate—containing foods are bread pasta and milk.

Proteins: Proteins are important building blocks in the body and are essential for normal growth and repair of body tissues. Examples of protein—containing foods are meat fish and eggs.

Fats: Fats and oils are also essential for growth and development and are an important source of energy. A certain amount is essential for good health but too much or the wrong type becomes unhealthy.


Other nutrients and components of food include:

Vitamins and minerals: These are important for the normal functioning of many body processes. The best way to have a balanced vitamin and mineral intake is through a healthy variety of foods especially fruit and vegetables.

Fibre: An adequate intake of fibre is important for bowel health and is believed to have a number of long—term health benefits.

Water: Water is the most common component of the body. Drinking plenty of fluids is important for general health. Your child should drink more if it is hot and if they are more active or have high blood glucose levels. Water is the healthiest fluid of all to drink.